![]() In the 1940s, Gregory Bateson and his wife, Margaret Mead, began looking into patterns and organization in communication. His work was during the late 1930s to early 1940s. Nathan Ackerman, the “father” of family therapy, was one of the first to work with the whole family. The implication for family counseling was that one person’s behavior is interconnected and interrelated to the behavior of all other family members. In the 1940s, general systems theory was developed by the biologist Ludwig von Bertalanffy, who believed that the parts of a system are interrelated and that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. At that time, there was also research attempting to understand the factors that contributed to schizophrenia. Therefore, therapists started concluding that if individuals were treated in isolation from their families, it might be nonproductive. A patient’s condition might have deteriorated after he or she returned home from a hospital stay. During the 1950s, counselors and therapists sometimes observed that when an individual’s problem got better, someone else in the family developed symptoms. Counselors began to include family members to understand and treat individual psychological problems. In addition, people became more accepting of the idea of seeking help for family concerns. During that time, the divorce rates increased, and there were more demands on families as a system. The field of family counseling evolved as families were changing, in particular after World War II. ![]() It may be necessary to schedule an initial consultation to determine if a particular family will work well with a particular counselor. Consumers of family counseling are best served by asking for a referral from someone they trust to find out if the counselor is a good fit for themselves and their family members. They provide individual, couples, and family counseling prevention programs, including parent education programs crisis management, and other intervention and educational services. Family counselors practice in community mental health agencies, managed care organizations, hospitals, private practice, employee assistance programs, and other settings. Family counseling may be beneficial when a family member or several members of the family experience difficulties with communication, balancing home and work, the loss of a family member, trauma, divorce conflicts, issues in blended or remarried families, family violence, substance abuse, or behavioral or school problems in children. ![]()
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